Launceston, Albert Hall: Charles Brindley

5. PIPEWORK

Note: nicking patterns recorded in the documentation have been scanned for inclusion only for the Great principal chorus. Nicking is present throughout the organ, except for the wooden pipes.

Specification (designations as on stopknobs)


Great (Manual II) C - 93 (56 notes)



Double Stop Diapason 16 ft.

Open Diapason         8 ft.

Rohrf1öte            (8)  no pitch designation given

Gamba                (8)  no pitch designation given

Principal             4 ft.

F1öte                 4 ft.

12th.             2-2/3  ft.

15th.                 2 ft.

Mixture               5 Ranks

(Trumpet              8 ft.)  stop label missing



Swell (Manual III) C - g3 (56 notes)



Double Diapason      16 ft.

Gemshorn              8 ft.

Flaut d'amour         8 ft.

Gemshorn              4 ft.

Mixture               4 Ranks

Horn                  8 ft.

Oboe                  8 ft.

Clarion              (4) no pitch designation given



Choir (Manual I) C - g3  (56 notes)



Spitzflöte            8 ft.

(Lieblich Gedact      8 ft.) stop label missing

Dulciana              8  (sic - an odd label)

Spitzf1öte            4 ft.

Leiblich Flöte (sic)  4 ft.

Piccolo               2 ft.

Clarinette            8  ft.



Pedal C - f1 (30 notes)



Major Bass           16 ft.

Bourdon              16 ft.

Flute Bass            8 ft.

Trombone            (16)  no pitch designation given



Couplers



Swell to Great Great to Pedal

Swell to Pedal Choir to Pedal

Total number of pipes: 1,852

Pitch c2=526 Hz at 14 deg.C (Taken from Great Principal 4 ft.) [12]

Composition of Mixtures

Great: Mixture 5 Ranks

C - f0				2	1-1/3	1	2/3	1/2
f#0 - c1			2-2/3	2	1-1/3	1	2/3
c#1 - c2		4	2-2/3	2	1-1/3	1
c#2 - g3	8	4	2-2/3	2	1-1/3

Swell: Mixture 4 Ranks

C - B				2	1-1/3	1	1/2
c0 - c2			2-2/3	2	1-1/3	1
c#2 - f2		4	2-2/3	2	1-1/3
f#2 - g3	8	4	2-2/3	2

Pipework information

The Principals, consisting of:

Great:	Open Diapason	8 ft
	Principal	4 ft
	12th.	2-2/3 ft
	l5th.	2 ft
	Mixture	5 ranks
Swell:	Mixture	4 ranks

All of the above ranks are full compass, and are made up of open pipes with no voicing aids or arched mouths. The material used is spotted metal throughout, with the exception of a2 of the Great Open Diapason 8 ft., which is plain metal. This particular pipe is the only one having a tuning slide. Method of tuning is usually by means of cone tuning; some of the larger pipes, however, have been tongued. Presence of ears is as follows:

Great:	Open Diapason	8 ft.	C - d2
	Principal	4 ft.	C - b0
	12th.	2-2/3 ft.	C - e0
	15th.	2 ft.	C - c0
	Mixture 5 ranks	Rank 1:	C - c0
		Rank 2:	C - F
		Ranks 3-5:	None
Swell:	Mixture 4 ranks	Ranks 1:	C - f0
		Rank 2:	C - F
		Ranks 3&4	None

Scaling and voicing information

Great	Note	Ø ext.	Thickn. of metal	Ø int.	Reln. Töpfer Index	Nicking pattern
Open Diapason 8 ft
	C	154	1.5	151	-1
	c0	89.5	1.2	87.1	-1
	c1	50.5	0.5	49.5	-2.5
	c2	30	0.4	29.2	-2.5	as above
	c3	18.5	0.3	17.9	-2	as above
Principal 4 ft
	C	87	1.0	85	-2
	c0	48.5	0.8	46.9	-3
	c1	29	0.5	28	-3.5
	c2	18	0.5	17	-3	as above
	c3	11.5	0.3	10.9	-1	as above
12th. 2-2/3 ft
	C	57.5	0.8	55.9	-4.5
	c0	34	0.5	33	-4.5
	c1	21	0.4	20.2	-4	as above
	c2	13	0.4	12.2	-3.5	as above
	c3	9.0	0.3	8.4	NS	as above
15th 2 ft
	C	46.5	0.6	45.3	-4.5
	c0	27.8	0.4	27	-4.5
	c1	17.4	0.4	16.6	-3.5
	c2	11.0	0.3	10.4	-2	as above
	c3	8.0	0.3	7.4	+2
Mixture 5 ranks Rank 1
	C	44	0.6	42.8	-6
	c0	27	0.5	26	-5	as above
	c1	20	0.5	19	-5.5	as above
	c2	17	0.5	16	-4.5	as above
	c3	17	0.5	16	-4.5	as above
Rank 2
	C	32.5	0.6	31.3	-6
	c0	20	0.5	19	-5.5	as above
	c1	17	0.5	16	-4.5	as above
	c2	13	0.4	12.2	-3.5	as above
	c3	13	0.4	12.2	-3.5	as above
Rank 3
	C	27	0.5	26	-5
	c0	17	0.5	16	-4.5	as above
	c1	13	0.4	12.2	-3.5	as above
	c2	11	0.4	12.2	-3.5	as above
	c3	11	0.4	12.2	-3.5	as above
Rank 4
	C	20	0.5	19	-5.5
	c0	13	0.4	12.2	-3.5	as above
	c1	11	0.4	10.2	-3
	c2	9	0.4	8.2	-1
	c3	9	0.4	8.2	-1	as above
Rank 5
	C	17	0.5	16	-4.5
	c0	11	0.4	10.2	-3
	c1	9	0.4	7.2	NS	as above
	b1	8	0.4	7.2	NS	as above
	c#3	7.5	0.3	6.9	+1	as above
Swell Mixture IV Rank 1
	C	44	0.6	42.8	-6
	c0	33	0.5	32	-5.5	as above
	c1	20.5	0.5	19.5	-5	as above
	c2	13	0.4	12.2	-3.5	as above
	c3	8	0.6	6.8	NS	as above
Rank 2
	C	33	0.5	32	-5.5
	c0	27	0.5	26	-5	as above
	c1	17	0.5	26	-5	as above
	c2	11	0.4	10.2	-3	as above
	c3	11	0.4	10.2	-3	as above
Rank 3
	C	27	0.5	26	-5
	c0	20.5	0.5	19.5	-5.5	as above
	c1	13	0.4	12.2	-3.5	as above
	c2	9	0.4	8.2	-1	as above
	c3	9	0.4	8.2	-1	as above
Rank 4
	C	17	0.5	16	-4.5
	c0	17	0.5	16	-4.5
	c1	11	0.4	10.2	-3	as above
	c2	7.5	0.3	6.9	+0.5	as above
	c3	8	0.3	7.4	+2(?)	as above

Ranks of tapered pipes

Swell	Gemshorn 8 ft	Gemshorn 4 ft
Choir	Spitzflöte 8 ft	Spitzflöte 4 ft

C - B of the Swell Gemshorn 8 ft has a common wooden bass with the Flaut d'amour 8 ft. The other ranks in this category are full compass. No voicing aids are present.

	Material	Construction	Method of tuning	Presence of ears	Presence of arched mouths
Swell: Gemshorn 8 ft	C-B: Wood c0-g3: SM	C-B: Stopped c0-g3: Open and tapered	C-B: Stoppers c0-g3: coned	c0-c2	Slight throughout
Gemshorn 4 ft	SM	Open and tapered	Coned, and C-G tongued	C-b0	None
Choir: Spitzflöte 8 ft	C-B: Wood c0-g3: SM	C-B: stopped c0-g3: Open and tapered	C-B: Stoppers c0-g3: coned	c0-c2	None
Spitzflöte 4ft	SM	Open and tapered	Coned	C-c1	None

Scaling and voicing information (metal pipes only)

Swell		Ø ext.	Thickn. of metal	Ø int
Gemshorn 8 ft	c0	68 - 29	1	66 - 27
	c1	38 - 16	0.5	37 - 15
	c2	24 - 11	0.4	23.2 - 10.2
	c3	15 - 7.5	0.3	14.6 - 6.9
Gemshorn 4 ft	C	68.5 - 52	1	66.5 0 50
	c0	40 - 31.5	0.5	39 - 30.5
	c1	25 - 10	0.4	24.2 - 18.2
	c2	15 - 12	0.3	14.4 - 11.4
	c3	9.5 - 7.5	0.3	8.9 - 6.9
Choir
Spitzflöte 8 ft	c0	68.5 - 53	0.8	66.9 - 51.4
	c1	39.5 - 31	0.6	38.3 - 29.8
	c2	25 - 20	0.5	24 - 19
Spitzflöte 4 ft	C	68 - 28.5	0.8	66.8 - 27.3
	c0	40 - 16	0.5	39 - 15
	c1	25 - 11	0.4	24.2 - 10.2
	c2	15 - 8	0.3	14.4 - 7.4
	c3	10 - 5.5	0.3	9.4 - 4.9

The metal Gedacts consisting of:

Great	Double stop diapason	16 ft
	Rohrflöte	(8)
	Flöte	4 ft
Swell	Double Diapason	16 ft
Choir	(Lieblich Gedact	8 ft)
	Leiblich Flöte	4 ft

Scaling and voicing information

	Compass	Material	Construction, tuning method	Ears	Arched mouths
Great
Double Stop Diapason 16 ft	Full	C=b1 : Wood c2-g3 : SM	Stopped	c2-d#3	None
Rohrflöte (8)	Full	C-b0 : Wood c1-g3 : SM	Stopped	c1-g2	None
Flöte 4 ft	Full	C-B : Wood c0-g3 : SM	C-g2 : Stopped g#2-g3 : Open (coned, 3 with slides)	c0-e1	Slight on some
Swell
Double Diapason 16 ft	Full C-B non-original	C-b1 : Wood c2-g3 : SM	Stopped	c1-g2	None
Choir
(Lieblich Gedact 8 ft)	Full	C1-b0 : Wood c1-g3 : SM	Stopped	c1-d#2	None
Lieblich Flöte 4 ft	c0-g3	SM	c0-g2 Stopped g32-g3 : Open	c0-e1	g#2-g3

Only the stoppers for the Great Rohrflöte are pierced. (Plate 11)

	Note	Ø ext.	Metal thickness	Ø int.	Reln. Töpfer Index
Great
Double Stop Diapason 16 ft	c2 c3	34 20	1.0 0.8	32.0 18.4	-0.5 -1
Rohrflöte (8)	c1 c2 c3	44.5 27.8 18.3	1.5 1.0 0.8	41.5 25.8 16.7	+5.5 +6.5 +8.5
Flöte 4 ft	c0 c1 c2 c3	34.3 20 12.5 8.5	1.0 0.8 0.5 0.4	32.3 18.4 1.5 7.7	NS -1 NS +3
Swell
Double Diapason 16 ft	c2 c3	34.5 20	1.5 1.0	31.5 18.0	-1 -1.5
Choir
(Lieblich Gedact 8 ft)	c1 c2 c3	34 20 12.5	1.0 0.8 0.5	32.0 18.4 11.5	-0.5 -1 NS
Leiblich Flöte 4 ft	c0 c1 c2 c3	34.5 20 12.5 11(odd)	1.0 0.8 0.5 0.5	32.5 18.4 11.5 10.0	NS -1 NS -3(odd)

Note the strong similarities in scaling for all the above ranks other than the Rohrflöte.

The Narrow-scaled ranks

consisting of: Great: Gamba (8), Choir: Dulciana 8

The Gamba has a compass of c0-g3, and the Dulciana is also independent only this range. The bottom twelve notes of the Dulciana are common with the Lieblich Gedact 8 ft. Both ranks are made up of spotted metal open pipework which is cone tuned. (Some large pipes of the Gamba are tongued). No voicing aids or arched mouths are present, and both ranks have ears from c0-c2.

Scaling and voicing information

	Note	Ø ext.	Metal thickness	Ø int.	Reln. Töpfer Index
Great
Gamba (8)	c0 c1 c2 c3	66.5 38.5 23.5 14.5	1.0 0.5 0.5 0.3	64.5 37.5 22.5 13.9	-8 -0 -8.5 -8
Choir
Dulciana 8	c0 c1 c2 c#3	56 32.5 20 23	1.0 0.5 0.5 0.3	54.0 31.5 19.0 11.4	-12.5 -13 -12.5 -12

The Flute ranks

consisting of Swell: Flaut d'amour 8 ft, Choir: Piccolo 2 ft

The Flaut d'amour 8 ft shares a common wooden bass (C-B) with the Gemshorn 8 ft. The Piccolo 2 ft is full compass. Both ranks consist of spotted metal open pipework, cone tuned (c0-d1) of the Flaut d'amour have been tongued), with no voicing aids or arched mouths.
Presence of ears is as follows:
Flaut d'amour 8 ft: c0-c2
Piccolo 2 ft: C-d0

Scaling and voicing information

(Metal pipes only)

	Note	Ø ext.	Metal thickness	Ø int.	Reln. Töpfer Index
Flaut d'amour 8 ft	c0 c1 c2 c3	60 35.5 21.5 18.5	0.8 0.5 0.5 0.4	58.4 34.5 20.5 17.7	-10.5 -10.5 -11 -3
Piccolo 2 ft	C c0 c1 c2 c3	51 30 19 12 8.5	0.5 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.2	50.0 29.2 18.2 11.4 8.1	-2 -2.5 -1.5 NS +4

The ranks containing wooden pipework

consisting of:

Great	Double Stop Diapason 16 ft Rohrflöte (8) Flöte 4 ft	C-b1 C-b0 C-B
Swell	Double Diapason 16 ft Gemshorn 8 ft Flaut d'amour 8 ft	C-b1 C-B
Choir	(Lielbich Gedact 8 ft) Spitzflöte 8 ft	C-b0 C-B
Pedal	Major Bass 16 ft Bourdon 16 ft Flute Bass 8 ft	C-f1 C-f1 C-f1

The Pedal Major Bass 16 ft is open, but the remainder of the wooden pipework is stopped. No voicing aids or arched mouths are present.

Shape of stoppers

Two predominant stopper shapes are present.

		Type a. Plate 14 left-hand side	Type b. Plate 14 right-hand side

Great	Double Stop Diapason 16 ft	C-B	c0-b1
	Rohrflöte (8)	C-F#	G-b0
	Flöte 4 ft		All
Swell	Double Diapason 16 ft	C-B	c0-b1
Swell	Gemshorn 8 ft & Flaut d'amour 8 ft	C-F#	G-B
Choir	(Lieblich Gedact 8 ft)	C-F	G-b0
Choir	Spitzflöte 8 ft	C-F	F#-B
Pedal	Flute Bass 8 ft	C-B	c0-f1

None of the stoppers are of wooden pipes are pierced. Foot shape is always circular in cross-section. C-B of the Swell Double Diapason 16 ft are slightly different to the others. Bevelling on the top of wooden pipes does not occur, except to a very slight degree on the Swell Double Diapason 16 ft. The mouth is always on the small side [of the pipe].

Workmanship of mouth

All wooden pipes have level ears. Plate 15
C-B of the Swell Double Diapason 16 also have horizontal front beards.

Scaling and voicing information

			External dimensions	Thickness of wood	Internal dimensions
Great	Double Stop Diapason 16 ft	C c0 c1	152 x 175 - 58 x 66	16 x 17 - 19	118 x 143 - 40 x 48
	Rohrflöte (8)	C c0	88 x 104 58 x 65	13 9	62 x 78 40 x 47
	Flöte 4 ft	C	58 x 64.5	9	40 x 46.5
Swell	Double Diapason 16 ft	c0 c1	88 x 106 58 x 66	14 x 12 9	64 x 78 40 x 48
Swell	Gemshorn 8 ft & Flaut d'amour 8 ft	C	91 x 101	10.5	70 x 80
Choir	(Lieblich Gedact 8 ft)	C c0	91 x 104 58 x 65	13 x 12 9 x 11	67 x 78 36 x 47
Choir	Spitzflöte 8 ft	C	91 x 105	12	67 x 81
Pedal	Major Bass 16 ft	c1	101 x 116	9	83 x 98
	Bourdon 16 ft	c0 c1	110 x 124 75 x 92	14 x 16 11	78 x 96 53 x 70
	Flute Bass 8 ft	C c0 c1	116 x 133 66 x 68 36 x 41	15 9 6.5 x 7.5	86 x 103 48 x 50 21 x 28

Nicking No wooden pipes are nicked.
NB wooden pipework for the Great , Swell and Choir is derived from the same scale.

Inscriptions

Most original inscriptions on the wooden pipes have been erased and replaced by stamped inscriptions. The old inscriptions were in pencil, and consisted of a rank designation and a note designation. The few remaining are almost illegible.

The Reeds

consisting of:
Great: (Trumpet 8 ft)
Swell: Horn 8 ft, Oboe 8 ft, Clarion (4)
Choir: Clarinette 8 ft
Pedal: Trombone (16)

		Compass	Material	Construction	Resonator shape
Great	(Trumpet 8 ft)	Full	SM	All reeds	Funnel
Swell	Horn 8 ft	Full	SM	All reeds	Funnel
	Oboe 8 ft	c0-g3*	SM	c0-c3: reeds c#3-g3: flues	Double-funnel
	Clarion (4)	Full	SM	C-d#2: reeds e2-g3: flues	Funnel
Choir	Clarinette 8 ft	c0-g3	SM	All reeds	Cylindrical
Pedal	Trombone (16)	Full	C-f0: wood f#0-f1: SM	All reeds	C-f0: square funnel f#0-f1: funnel

*C-B of Oboe 8 ft is common with C-B of Horn 8 ft.

Plate 16 Swell Clarion and Oboe. The Clarion (Front of soundboard) has reeds with funnel resonators. The flue trebles are also visible. The Oboe has double-funnel resonators and flue trebles.